Long COVID is a chronic condition that occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection causing persistent or fluctuating symptoms that can present for at least 3 months. Long COVID symptoms, ranging from mild to severe, can emerge over weeks, months, and sometimes years.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, these are the basic facts to know about Long Covid.
Who is at risk?
Anyone can get Long COVID, especially those who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 more than once. Studies have shown that some groups of people are more likely to develop Long COVID than others, including (not a comprehensive list):
- People who did not get a COVID-19 vaccine
- People who have experienced more severe COVID-19 illness
- People with underlying health conditions
Prevention
Research shows COVID-19 vaccination is the best available tool to prevent Long COVID. Other steps you can take to protect yourself and others from COVID-19 include:
- Staying up to date on COVID-19 vaccination
- Practicing good hygiene (practices like handwashing that improve cleanliness)
- Taking steps for cleaner air
- When you may have a respiratory virus:
- Taking precautions to prevent spread
- Seeking healthcare promptly for testing and/or treatment if you have risk factors for severe illness; treatment may help lower your risk of severe illness
Testing and diagnosis
Because Long COVID is not one illness, there is no approved test that can determine if your symptoms are due to Long COVID. A positive SARS-CoV-2 test is not required for a Long COVID diagnosis. Seeking care from a healthcare provider to create a specific medical management strategy is recommended.Your healthcare provider considers a diagnosis of Long COVID based on:
- Your health history
- If you had a diagnosis of COVID-19 by a positive test, symptoms, or exposure
- A health examination
